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Wednesday, March 23, 2005 - 11:05 AM
58

Trends in Self-Reported Hepatitis B Vaccine Coverage Rates Among Adults in the United States, 2000-2002

Kaafee Billah1, Cindy Weinbaum1, David Culver1, Anthony Fiore1, Lyn Finelli1, and Shannon Stokley2. (1) Division of Viral Hepatitis/NCID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1600 Clifton Road, MS G-37, Atlanta, GA, USA, (2) HSREB/ISD/NIP, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS E-52, Atlanta, USA


BACKGROUND:
In the United States, routine hepatitis B vaccination of infants and adolescents, and vaccination of adults at high risk of infection is expected to result in immunity in a large proportion of the population.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate trends in self-reported hepatitis B vaccine coverage among the adult U.S. population.

METHOD:
National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data for adults ≥18 years were analyzed for the years 2000-2002 (N=96,744). NHIS data were weighted to adjust for sampling probability and non-response to reflect the demographic profile of the adult U.S. population. Vaccination coverage (ever receiving hepatitis B vaccine) was calculated; the Chi-square test was used to compare coverage between groups (a=0.05).

RESULT:
In 2002 (n=31,044), hepatitis B vaccine coverage among adults was 25.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.4%-25.9%), an increase of 2.9% (p<0.01) and 0.8% from 2000 and 2001, respectively. Among vaccinees, completion of the 3 dose series was 86.2% (95% CI: 85.3%-87.2%). Coverage among women was 27.3%, significantly higher than men, 22.9% (p<0.01). Coverage among non-Hispanic Blacks, 29.8%, was significantly higher than Hispanics, 23.3% (p<0.01), and non-Hispanic Whites, 24.4% (p<0.01). Coverage among 18-20 year olds increased by 4.0% per year; 2002 coverage, 56.7%, was highest of any age groups and declined with increasing age. Coverage among adults ever tested for HIV (n=10,106), 36.6%, and adults with high self-perceived HIV risk (n=177), 61.2%, were significantly higher and increased annually at 0.7% and 6.4%, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
Currently, one-quarter of the adult U.S. population reports hepatitis B vaccination. Coverage is higher among young adults, women and non-Hispanic Blacks, and is increasing, especially among young adults and adults at HIV risk. Nonetheless, it will take several decades to achieve at least 50% overall coverage among adults.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the session, participants will understand hepatitis B vaccine coverage in the adult U.S. population and its sub-groups.

See more of Adult Immunization Track Workshop: Adult High Risk Hepatitis Vaccination Update
See more of The 39th National Immunization Conference (NIC)