Syphilis in the United States: Epidemiology and Emerging Trends

During 2000–2008, the rate of primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis increased from 2.1 to 4.5 cases/100,000 population in the United States. Men having sex with men (MSM) accounted for 63% of P&S syphilis in 2008. Notably, cases among 15–29 year old African American MSM increased over 230% during 2005–2008. During 2003–2008, P&S syphilis among females increased from 0.8 to 1.5 cases/100,000 population and congenital syphilis increased from 9.1 to 10.1/100,000 live births. Disproportionately high rates of P&S syphilis persist among African Americans. These data should inform efforts among public health entities in reducing P&S syphilis.