Despite control efforts, syphilis rates in the U.S. have doubled over the past decade, leading to appreciation of resurgence of two important clinical disease states: ocular syphilis and congenital syphilis. Over 200 ocular syphilis cases were reported from 2014-2015, many occurring in HIV-infected MSM, and were complicated in some cases by decreased visual acuity and blindness. From 2012 to 2014, reported congenital syphilis increased to 11.6 cases per 100,000 live births, the highest rate reported since 2001. Congenital syphilis can cause severe complications in pregnancy, including miscarriage, stillbirth, and early infant death, and infected infants can also have substantial morbidity. Timely diagnosis of syphilis is essential to prevent morbidity and transmission. Current syphilis screening strategies employ initial testing with either a treponemal or nontreponemal antibody assay, which if positive then may require additional testing which can lead to delays in treatment for patients and their contacts. Syphilis point-of-care tests can be performed to provide results during the time of a patient visit, facilitating more timely treatment of syphilis and a decrease in risk for syphilis morbidity. This symposium will focus on: 1) epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of ocular syphilis, 2) epidemiology and prevention of congenital syphilis, and 3) characteristics and performance of point-of-care syphilis tests.